An extant species of the relict insect order Grylloblattodea is described from the Ussuri River Basin of southeastern Russia. This species, Galloisiana olgae, is a member of the family Grylloblattidae that probably originated as a lineage during the mid-Cenozoic and experienced subsequent range constriction associated with Pleistocene glaciation. The Grylloblattodea have a richer fossil history in warm-temperate habitats during the Late Paleozoic than the four confamilial genera of today would suggest. These modern taxa represent a specialized Cenozoic lineage that adapted to cool-temperate habitats in northwestern North America and northeastern Asia, and parallel other similar distributions of seed plants and insects.